2024年7月18日 星期一 19:43:55

双醛淀粉中双醛含量的测定

    1. 酸碱滴定法
    称取已知含湿度的双醛淀粉0.1500~0.2000g,置于125ml锥形瓶中,用移液管加入 10ml标准无碳酸盐的 0.25ml/L NaOH溶液,慢慢转动烧瓶,并立即置于圆形开口直径5.5cm的蒸汽浴中lmin。取出烧瓶,立即置于沸水中并快速转动lmin、用移液管。
    加入 15ml标准 0.25mol / L H2SO4溶液,50ml水和 2滴 0.1%酚酞,用0.25mol/L NaOH标准溶液滴定至终点。 
     2.分光光度法
     (1) 仪器与试剂
      ①分光光度计.
      ②对硝基苯肼:0.25g溶于15ml冰醋酸中(方法A中使用),或0.5g溶于 15ml冰醋酸中(方法B中使用,即B液)。
     (2)测定步骤
      ①方法A:分析每百个脱水葡萄糖单位(AGU)中小于1个双醛的双醛淀粉。
      称取25mg(含l%双醛的氧化淀粉)或250mg(含0.1%双醛的氧化淀粉)样品,将称量好的样品置于18mm * 150mm试管中,加 20ml水,在热水浴中加热 1.5h,经常用玻璃棒搅动。加1.5ml对硝基苯肼,加热 lh,并不断搅拌到完全生成深红色对硝基苯腙。反应时间并不要求严格控制,因为98%苯腙在15min形成,1h后达99.8%。冷却试管,加0.4g助滤剂,用玻璃砂芯漏斗真空过滤,用5ml7%冰醋酸洗两次,随之用5ml水洗两次,并用水淋洗试管,淋洗液倒入漏斗中。将漏斗放至一清洁、干燥的500ml过滤瓶中,反复用95%热乙醇洗涤漏斗和试管,直至对硝基苯腙全部溶解。将其定量转移至 250ml容量瓶中,用乙醇稀释至刻度,在450nrn处以原淀粉作空白测吸光度。
      ②方法B:分析每百个AGU大于1个双醛基的氧化淀粉。
     高度氧化的双醛淀粉样品(80~100个双醛基/100个AGU)称取 62~50mg,置于 200ml容量瓶中,加 180ml蒸馏水,加热并不断搅拌2~3h。冷却,稀释至200ml,吸取20ml(约50mg氧化淀粉)置于试管中,按A方法处理,加B液。
     用已知含量双醒淀粉为标准,作标准曲线,从标准曲线中查出双醛的含量。
 
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